Roger James, a former coal miner and black lung patient, uses supplemental oxygen to breathe during a visit to the New River Health Association Black Lung Clinic, Sept. 24, 2025, in Oak Hill, W.Va. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
Randy Lawrence, president of the Kanawha County Black Lung Association, stands outside his home wearing supplemental oxygen for black lung disease near Cabin Creek, W.Va., Oct. 13, 2025. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
Crosses and grave markers are seen at the Hawks Nest Workers Memorial and Grave Site, Sept. 24, 2025, in Mount Lookout, W.Va. Silica created one of the worst occupational disasters in U.S. history when more than 750 miners — most of them Black — died from breathing the toxic dust while drilling the Hawks Nest tunnel in the early 1930s to divert water to power a metal plant. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
Arvin Hanshaw, of Summersville, W.Va., wears a hat with a miner silhouetted by the state of West Virginia, as he joins a group going to Washington, D.C., to protest the government's delay of the silica rule passed last year to limit exposure to deadly silica in coal mines, on Oct. 13, 2025, in Mount Hope, W.Va. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
Roger James, a former coal miner and black lung patient, uses supplemental oxygen to breathe during a visit to the New River Health Association Black Lung Clinic, Sept. 24, 2025, in Oak Hill, W.Va. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
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Mammoth Coal Processing Plant sits along the Kanawha River, Sept. 17, 2025, in London, W.Va. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
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Randy Lawrence, president of the Kanawha County Black Lung Association, stands outside his home wearing supplemental oxygen for black lung disease near Cabin Creek, W.Va., Oct. 13, 2025. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
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Crosses and grave markers are seen at the Hawks Nest Workers Memorial and Grave Site, Sept. 24, 2025, in Mount Lookout, W.Va. Silica created one of the worst occupational disasters in U.S. history when more than 750 miners — most of them Black — died from breathing the toxic dust while drilling the Hawks Nest tunnel in the early 1930s to divert water to power a metal plant. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
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Arvin Hanshaw, of Summersville, W.Va., wears a hat with a miner silhouetted by the state of West Virginia, as he joins a group going to Washington, D.C., to protest the government's delay of the silica rule passed last year to limit exposure to deadly silica in coal mines, on Oct. 13, 2025, in Mount Hope, W.Va. (AP Photo/Carolyn Kaster)
OAK HILL, W.Va. (AP) — Deep in the hills of West Virginia, coal mining and the dangers that come with it have been a part of families’ lives for generations. Death and tragedy are woven into history, but there’s also a fierce legacy of miners fighting for — and winning — protections that have benefitted workers nationwide.
As black lung rates rise among workers — including those in their 30s and 40s — forced to dig through more rock filled with deadly silica to reach the remaining thin coal seams, some sick retired coal miners from central Appalachia are fighting back. They are demanding the Trump administration enforce a rule approved last year by the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration that would cut the federal limit for allowable respirable crystalline silica dust exposure by half to help protect all types of miners nationwide from the current driving force of black lung and other illnesses.
The silica rule was put on hold before it took effect in April after industry groups suing the government filed a request in court to block it, citing costs and difficulties implementing it. The administration did not push back against the lawsuit, and was granted another extension in October due to the government shutdown.
Dozens of former miners from the hard-hit region traveled to Washington last month to protest the silica rule’s delay along with cuts and proposed rollbacks to health and safety protections. Their opposition comes months after President Donald Trump to allow coal-fired plants to pollute more and to streamline the permitting process and open up new areas for mineral production, including oil and natural gas drilling and mining of “beautiful, clean coal.” At the time, he was celebrated at the White House by smiling miners in hard hats, including some with West Virginia stickers, as he promised to put more people to work underground.
The White House and the Labor Department insisted the administration can maintain miners’ health and safety while rolling back regulations.
“President Trump cares about our miners more than any other president in modern history – which is why he has implemented his energy dominance agenda to protect their jobs and revive the mining industry,” said White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers.
But some former coal miners who voted for Trump have lost faith in him.
“They’re doing everything they can to hurt the working man,” said Randy Lawrence, president of the Kanawha County Black Lung Association, who lugged his oxygen tank to the protest. “They ain’t worried about the miners or people in West Virginia or coal miners anywhere. All they’re worried about is the almighty dollar in D.C. They don’t care about the little people that put them there.”
This is a documentary photo story curated by AP photo editors.
