CHARLESTON, W.Va. (AP) — West Virginia's Republican-dominated House passed a proposal to reduce the state's personal income tax by 50 percent Wednesday, rejecting a call by Democrats to drop the tax entirely for the lowest earners in one of the poorest U.S. states.
Gov. Jim Justice's tax cut plan passed the House of Delegates 95-2 with three members not voting. It now heads to the Senate, where legislative leadership has clashed with Justice over proposals to cut taxes for nearly two years.
In a statement immediately following the vote, the Republican governor said the cut would “put money in the pockets of hardworking West Virginians.”
“There is no better incentive than this. Period," Justice said. “I encourage the Senate to expediently vote in favor as well."
Justice's proposal would cut the personal income tax across income brackets incrementally over the course of three years: 30 percent the first year, and then an added 10 percent each year after that. He has described the plan as a “West Virginia tsunami" — a first step toward eliminating the personal income tax altogether.
House Republicans moved quickly, greenlighting the proposal just a week after Justice during his State of the State address and lawmakers gaveled in for the 60-day legislative session last Wednesday.
“At the end of the day, a prosperous economy is going to fix an awful lot of the problems that we debate in this body," Republican Delegate Matthew Rohrbach said. Close to 17% of West Virginians live in poverty, and the median household income is $50,884, according to the U.S. Census Bureau.
West Virginia personal income tax rates range from 3% on taxable income under $10,000 to 6.5% on income over $60,000. Neighboring Ohio’s personal income tax rate ranges from about 2.8% to 3.99%. Kentucky has a flat individual income tax of 5%. There are 15 states with a higher tax bracket than West Virginia, Rohrbach said. Eight U.S. states have no personal income tax at all.
The Democrats' plan would have cut the personal income tax completely for earners who make less than $80,000 a year, or 72 percent of the state's residents, according to lawmakers. People making more than $80,000 would continue paying personal income taxes at the current rate.
“What the Democratic plan is trying to do is: ‘Keep it simple, stupid,’ ” Democratic Del. Joey Garcia said. “Let’s start with the people who need it the most.”
A family making $80,000 would have saved $4,075 a year under the Democrats' plan, while a family making $40,000 would have saved $1,575. The cuts under Justice's plan for those income groups would be half as much.
Democratic Delegate Larry Rowe said the governor's plan is unfair because the more money people make, the bigger tax break they get.
“All we’re asking is let them pay their fair share of what they got out of this society,” Rowe said. “When you are able to make a million dollars in income, a whole lot of things clicked to get you in that position. Pay your way, pay it back.”
“We can run and skip through the cornfields barefoot and give great big tax breaks, if we’re going to do it,” he continued. “The plan over here is very simple: be fair.”
Republican Del. Marty Gearheart said the House-passed bill takes a measured approach to putting the state on the path to one day eliminating the income tax entirely.
“However, it's not something that can be done at the snap of a finger," he said in criticizing the Democrats' plan. He added that rival proposal failed to respect those who “worked hard, worked smart and have put their money at risk to be earning an amount of money that is subject to tax."
“It appears to me that those that pay more tax are going to get more dollars in break because they pay more tax,” he said. “They contributed more from an economic standpoint to the state of West Virginia than those that paid less tax.”
Republican Del, Daniel Linville said higher income earners are job creators who could hire additional employees with help of a tax cut. “I must mention that it’s hard to earn a wage without an employer,” he said.
Senate GOP leaders are expected to offer their own tax cut proposals.
The governor suggested a permanent 10% reduction in the personal income tax in July after the state ended the fiscal year with a record $1.3 billion surplus. The state Senate refused to take up the proposal during a special session that month.
In October, Justice floated another plan, saying he wanted to eliminate a personal property tax that residents pay annually on vehicles. The following month, voters rejected a proposed constitutional amendment designed by state lawmakers that would have enabled lawmakers to eliminate a business and inventory tax, along with the personal property vehicle tax.
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This story was first published on January 18, 2023. It was updated on January 19, 2023 to correct that the vote to approve the personal income tax reduction bill was 95-2, with three members not voting.
