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According to , 1.59 million tons of CO2 is equivalent to driving a car 182,675 times around the globe or 898,305 return flights between Paris and New York.

Still, Paris Games organizers said they more than met by half — announcing a 54.6% reduction in CO2 emissions compared to the London Olympics in 2012 and the Rio de Janeiro Games in 2016.

Here's a look at how they did it and tips they offered to future hosts, starting with and in 2028.

Thinking ahead about CO2

Paris organizers said thinking about carbon emissions far in advance of the Games and setting a reduction target were key. Those who led the task of planning and organizing the mega-event were given carbon budgets. Measures to slash emissions were built into plans from the start.

“To change things, we had to reinvent,” said Georgina Grenon, the Games' director of environmental excellence.

No reduction too small

Just as athletes seek ways to shave milliseconds off their times, Paris organizers sought not just big carbon savings — by building just one competition venue specifically for the Games — but smaller ones, too.

used to give the impression of being ablaze. That made it 300 times less polluting than if it had burned gas, Grenon said. Even Olympic medals included recycled materials, with each embedded with

Electricity powered 98.4% of the Games' energy needs and organizers said a purchasing agreement they signed with power supplier EDF ensured it was all solar- or wind-generated.

Plant-based hot dogs and other vegetarian offerings less carbon-intensive than meat dishes accounted for 40% of the food that spectators ate, and the carbon footprint of meals served to Games workers and volunteers was half that of the typical French meal, organizers said.

Spectators inflated the carbon bill

, Paris set attendance records. But transporting spectators to the French capital and to events came at an unexpectedly large carbon cost. Transport had been expected to account for about one-third of Paris' carbon footprint, but organizers said it ended up accounting for 53%.

“We were a bit victims of our success, because we sold many more tickets than initially estimated,” Grenon said.

Just over 66% of spectators came from France. More than 21% came from elsewhere in Europe and another 12% came from further afield, led by ticket-holders from the United States, Brazil and Canada. For spectators who took long-haul flights, the carbon impact was about 1,000 times greater than transporting those from the Paris region, organizers said.

Paris not claiming to be ‘carbon neutral’

Organizers said they are spending just over 12 million euros ($12.6 million) on projects in Africa, Asia, Central America and France that aim to compensate for the Games' 1.59 million tons of carbon emissions.

The money is funding tens of thousands of less-polluting cooking stoves and access to water in Nigeria, Congo, Kenya and Rwanda, solar power in Senegal and Vietnam and forestation in Guatemala, Kenya, Senegal and France, organizers said.

But Grenon said that while the projects aim to compensate for emissions, Paris won't label its Games “carbon neutral” because that can be misleading.

“It can give the impression that there is no impact when there is an impact," she added. “There was an impact but we treated it and, most of all, we reduced it.”

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